An pendahuluan ke jenis dari pengintai dan bagaimana mereka bekerja
Umum rangefinder can be divided into short range, medium range, and elevation rangefinders in terms of range;
Dari itu modulasi objek digunakan oleh rangefinders, mereka can be dibagi ke dalam fotolistrik rangefinders dan akustik rangefinders.
Optoelektronik rangefinders are dibagi menjadi dua jenis berdasarkan on ranging metode% 3a fase metode rangefinders dan pulsa rangefinders.
Laser rangefinder menggunakan pulsa metode can mencapai a lebih luas rentang dan can be digunakan untuk indoor dan outdoor pengukuran. The tipikal rentang adalah 3,5 to 2000 meter, while high range laser rangefinders can reach up to 5000 meters. Laser rangefinders for military purposes can reach even longer ranges. Due to the ability to measure distant targets, laser rangefinders generally have a telescopic system, also known as a laser rangefinder telescope, in order to visually observe the ranging target by the user. Figure 1 is a typical diagram of a three tube laser rangefinder telescope.
The accuracy of laser rangefinders mainly depends on the accuracy of the instrument's calculation of the time between laser emission and reception. According to the technology and application situation used, laser rangefinders can be divided into conventional laser rangefinders with an accuracy of about 1 meter (mainly used for outdoor sports, hunting, etc.) and high-precision laser rangefinders used in surveying, land measurement, construction, engineering applications, military and other occasions with high precision requirements.
Fase metode rangefinder adalah a rangefinder itu modulasi fase dari laser dan memperoleh jarak oleh mengukur fase perbedaan dari the memantul laser. Due to the need to detect the phase of the reflected laser, it is necessary to receive a signal with strong intensity. Considering the safety of the human eye, the pulse laser rangefinder cannot be used as a telescopic system, and the range is small. The typical range for ranging is 0.5mm to 150 meters. Generally , the phase laser rangefinder uses a 635 nanometer (visually red) laser as the debugging object, also known as an infrared rangefinder. Namun, the definition of laser is not defined by color. If a 635 nanometer laser rangefinder is directly irradiated on the human eye, it will cause irreversible damage. Readers are advised to use and protect it correctly.
Akustik pengintai
Akustik jarak pengukuran is an instrumen itu menggunakan refleksi karakteristik dari suara gelombang untuk pengukuran. Umumnya% 2c ultrasonik gelombang are digunakan as modulasi objek% 2c itu adalah% 2c ultrasonik jarak meter M ultrasonik meter in ultrasonik pemancar memancarkan ultrasonik in a tertentu arah The ultrasonik penerima segera interupsi timing upon menerima tercermin gelombang. Oleh terus menerus mendeteksi echo dipantulkan oleh rintangan setelah gelombang emisi , the time perbedaan T antara transmisi ultrasonik gelombang dan menerima echoes is diukur% 2c dan kemudian jarak L is dihitung.
Due to the significant influence of temperature, humidity, air pressure, and other factors on the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the air, measurement errors are large. Additionally, due to the longer wavelength of ultrasonic waves, the propagation distance is shorter, resulting in lower measurement accuracy for general ultrasonic rangefinders. However, due to the fan-shaped propagation of ultrasound, its detection range is larger than that of photoelectric rangefinders, and it is widely used in practical engineering such as safety protection, cable height measurement, and obstacle detection.
